單詞
distemper
英 [d?'stemp?]
美[d?'st?mp?]
基本信息
- vt. 用膠畫顏料畫；使精神紊亂
- n. 犬瘟熱；病；不高興；膠畫顏料
中文詞源
distemper 瘟熱
dis-, 不，非，使相反。temper, 調和，鍛造。原指古代醫學上因人體體液調和不均而引起的疾病，后用于指瘟熱。參照humor,體液，體液學說。
英文詞源
- distemper
- distemper: English has two distinct words distemper, although ultimately they come from the same source, Latin temperāre ‘mingle’ (source of English temper, temperate, and temperature). This formed the basis of two separate medieval Latin verbs, both compounded from the prefix dis- but using it in quite different ways. Dis- in the sense ‘reversal of a current state’ joined with temperāre in the specialized meaning ‘mingle in proper proportion’ to produce distemperāre ‘upset the proper balance of bodily humours’, hence ‘vex, make ill’.
This passed directly into English as distemper [14], and survives today mainly as the term for an infectious disease of dogs. Disjoined with temperāre in its intensive function produced medieval Latin distemperāre ‘mix thoroughly, soak’, which entered English via Old French destemprer in the 14th century. The meaning ‘soak, steep, infuse’ survived until the 17th century: ‘Give the Horse thereof every morning … the quantity of a Hasel-nut distempered in a quart of Wine’, Edward Topsell, History of Four-footed Beasts 1607.
The word’s modern application, to a water-based decorator’s paint, comes from the fact that the pigment is mixed with or infused in water (the same notion lies behind tempera [19], borrowed from Italian).
=> temper, temperate, temperature - distemper (v.)
- mid-14c., "to disturb," from Old French destemprer, from Medieval Latin distemperare "vex, make ill," literally "upset the proper balance (of bodily humors)," from dis- "un-, not" (see dis-) + Latin temperare "mingle in the proper proportion" (see temper (v.)). Related: Distempered.
- distemper (n.)
- 1550s, from distemper (v.); in reference to a disease of dogs, from 1747.
雙語例句
- 1. Dogs must be vaccinated against distemper.
- 狗必須接種犬瘟熱疫苗。
來自辭典例句
- 2. The distemper held him a long time, and at length carried him off.
- 他病了很長時間, 最后謝世.
來自辭典例句
- 3. Immunization for parvo is usually included in your dog's distemper vaccine.
- 細小疫苗通常包含在犬瘟熱疫苗中.
來自互聯網
- 4. No treatment other than supportive care exists for canine distemper.
- 不接受任何治療的輔助治療以外存在犬瘟熱.
來自互聯網
- 5. Dog, mink distemper, dog tiny virus and so on virulent diseases.
- 犬 、 水貂的犬瘟熱 、 犬細小病毒等病毒性疾病.
來自互聯網
distemper相關單詞