單詞
jet
英 [d?et]
美[d??t]
基本信息
- n. 噴射，噴嘴；噴氣式飛機；黑玉
- adj. 墨黑的
- vt. 射出
- vi. 射出；[航] 乘噴氣式飛機
核心詞匯中頻詞CET6考研TEM4CET4
詞態變化
復數:?jets;第三人稱單數:?jets;過去式:?jetted;現在分詞:?jetting;
中文詞源
jet 噴氣式飛機，噴嘴
來自中古法語jeter,扔，投擲，來自拉丁語jactare,來自jacere,扔，投擲，詞源同project,eject.引申詞義水流，噴水嘴，噴氣，噴氣式飛機等。
jet 煤玉，黑玉，黑色大理石來自古法語jaiet,褐煤，來自拉丁語gagates,來自希臘語gagates lithos,來自Gages的石頭。Gages為古希臘時期地中海古國Lycia的一座古城，lithos,石頭，詞源同lithology,lithium.本質上是一種褐煤，質地堅硬，可用于雕刻，也被當作寶石使用。
英文詞源
- jet
- jet: English has two distinct words jet. The older, which denotes a type of black stone used in jewellery [14], comes via Old French jaiet and Latin gagātēs from Greek gagátēs, which denoted ‘stone from Gagai’, a town in Lycia, in Asia Minor, where it was found. The jet of ‘jet engines’ [16] goes back ultimately to a word that meant ‘throw’ – Latin jacere (from which English also gets inject, project, reject, etc).
A derivative of this was jactāre, which also meant ‘throw’. It passed via Vulgar Latin *jectāre into Old French as jeter, and when English took it over it was originally used for ‘protrude, stick out’: ‘the houses jetting over aloft like the poops of ships, to shadow the streets’, George Sandys, Travels 1615. This sense is perhaps best preserved in jetty ‘projecting pier’, and in the variant form jut [16], while the underlying meaning ‘throw’ is still present in jettison ‘throw things overboard’ and its contracted form jetsam.
But back with the verb jet, in the 17th century it began to be used for ‘spurt out in a forceful stream’. The notion of using such a stream to create forward motion was first encapsulated in the term jet propulsion in the mid 19th century, but it did not take concrete form for nearly a hundred years (the term jet engine is not recorded until 1943).
=> inject, jetsam, jettison, jetty, jut, project, reject, subject - jet (n.1)
- "stream of water," 1690s, from French jet, from jeter (see jet (v.)). Sense of "spout or nozzle for emitting water, gas, fuel, etc." is from 1825. Hence jet propulsion (1867) and the noun meaning "airplane driven by jet propulsion" (1944, from jet engine, 1943). The first one to be in service was the German Messerschmitt Me 262. Jet stream is from 1947. Jet set first attested 1951, slightly before jet commuter plane flights began. Jet age is attested from 1952.
- jet (v.)
- early 15c., "to prance, strut, swagger," from Middle French jeter "to throw, thrust," from Late Latin iectare, abstracted from deiectare, proiectare, etc., in place of Latin iactare "toss about," frequentative of iacere "to throw, cast," from PIE root *ye- "to do" (cognates: Greek iemi, ienai "to send, throw;" Hittite ijami "I make"). Meaning "to sprout or spurt forth" is from 1690s. Related: Jetted; jetting.
- jet (n.2)
- "deep black lignite," mid-14c., from Anglo-French geet, Old French jaiet "jet, lignite" (12c.), from Latin gagates, from Greek gagates lithos "stone of Gages," town and river in Lycia. As "a deep black color," also as an adjective, attested from mid-15c.
雙語例句
- 1. As he talked, an airforce jet screamed over the town.
- 他談話時，一架軍用噴氣式飛機在鎮子上空呼嘯而過。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. Workers at the plant build the F-16 jet fighter.
- 這個工廠的工人建造F-16噴氣式戰斗機。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. Military historians may never know what brought down the jet.
- 軍事史學家們可能永遠也不會知道是什么擊落了這架噴氣式飛機。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. The company laid off 65,000 workers after commercial-jet orders dried up.
- 商務飛機訂單減少后公司精減了65,000名工人。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. The jet-setting couple made frequent appearances in the gossip columns.
- 這對穿梭于各國的富豪夫婦經常出現在八卦專欄。
來自柯林斯例句