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單詞

match

英 [m?t?] 美[m?t?]

基本信息

vt. 使比賽；使相配；敵得過，比得上；相配；與…競爭
vi. 比賽；匹配；相配，相稱；相比
n. 比賽，競賽；匹配；對手；火柴

CET4TEM4IELTS考研CET6高頻詞基本詞匯

詞態(tài)變化

復(fù)數(shù):?matches;第三人稱單數(shù):?matches;過去式:?matched;過去分詞:?matched;現(xiàn)在分詞:?matching;

中文詞源

match 火柴

來自中古英語macche,燈芯或燭芯，來自希臘語myxa,鼻涕，燈芯，來自PIE*meug,黏的，滑的，詞源同mucus,mucous.比喻用法，把懸蕩的燈芯比喻成小孩的鼻涕。后引申詞義用于點火的浸油小木條，最后指火柴。拼寫比較bake,batch.

match 匹配，配對，比賽

來自古英語maecca,伴侶，妻子，丈夫，來自Proto-Germanic*makon,匹配，來自PIE*mag,揉，捏，詞源同make,massage.后引申詞義比賽，競爭等，即能匹敵的對手。

英文詞源

match: match: There are two unrelated words match in English, of which the older is ‘counterpart’ [OE]. This goes back to an Old English gem?cca ‘mate’, whose ancestry can be traced to a prehistoric *gamakjon, a word based on the collective prefix *ga- and *mak- ‘fit’ (source of English make). Its etymological meaning is thus ‘fitting well together’.

The use of the word as a verb emerged in the 14th century. Match ‘ignitable stick’ [14] originally meant ‘wick’. It comes via Old French meiche from Latin myxa ‘lamp nozzle’. The first record of its modern use for ‘ignitable stick’ comes from 1831 (the synonymous lucifer is exactly contemporary, but had virtually died out by the end of the 19th century).
=> make
match (n.1): "stick for striking fire," late 14c., macche, "wick of a candle or lamp," from Old French meiche "wick of a candle," from Vulgar Latin *micca/*miccia (source also of Catalan metxa, Spanish mecha, Italian miccia), probably ultimately from Latin myxa, from Greek myxa "lamp wick," originally "mucus," based on notion of wick dangling from the spout of a lamp like snot from a nostril, from PIE root *meug- "slimy, slippery" (see mucus). Modern spelling is from mid-15c. (English snot also had a secondary sense of "snuff of a candle, burnt part of a wick" from late 14c., surviving at least to late 19c. in northern dialects.)

Meaning "piece of cord or splinter of wood soaked in sulfur, used for lighting fires, lamps, candles, etc." is from 1530. First used 1831 for the modern type of wooden friction match, and competed with lucifer for much of 19c. as the name for this invention.
match (n.2): "one of a pair, an equal," Old English m?cca, "companion, mate, one of a pair, wife, husband, one suited to another, an equal," from gem?cca, from Proto-Germanic *gamakon "fitting well together" (cognates: Old Saxon gimaco "fellow, equal," Old High German gimah "comfort, ease," Middle High German gemach "comfortable, quiet," German gemach "easy, leisurely"), from PIE root *mak-/*mag- "to fit" (see make (v.)). Middle English sense of "matching adversary, person able to contend with another" (c. 1300) led to sporting meaning "contest," first attested 1540s.
match (v.): "to join one to another" (originally especially in marriage), late 14c., from match (n.2). Meaning "to place (one) in conflict with (another)" is from c. 1400. That of "to pair with a view to fitness" is from 1520s; that of "to be equal to" is from 1590s. Related: Matched; matching.