日本在线视频一区二区三区,黄色大片大毛片,欧美黄色免费视频

單詞

satire

英 ['s?ta??] 美['s?ta??]

基本信息

英英釋義考試真題實(shí)用場(chǎng)景例句

近義詞irony mockery sarcasm ridicule contumely contempt disparagement

n. 諷刺；諷刺文學(xué)，諷刺作品

CET6+TEM4GRE考研TOEFL低頻詞常用詞匯

詞態(tài)變化

復(fù)數(shù):?satires;

中文詞源

satire 諷刺，譏諷

來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ) satira,諷刺作品，混雜詩(shī)，來(lái)自 lanx satura,滿盤，雜盤，各種水果混在一起的盤子，來(lái)自 lanx,盤子，詞源同 balance,satura,滿的，飽和的，陰性格于 satur,滿的，飽和的，詞源同 saturate,使飽和。比喻用法，后詞義通俗化為諷刺，譏諷。

英文詞源

satire: satire: [16] A satire is etymologically a ‘verse medley’, an ‘a(chǎn)ssortment of pieces on various subjects’. The word comes via Old French satire from Latin satira ‘mixture’, an alteration of an earlier satura. This is said to have been derived from satus ‘full’ (a relative of satis ‘enough’, source of English satisfy), and the link in the semantic chain from ‘full’ to ‘mixture’ is ‘plateful of assorted fruit’, the earliest recorded meaning of satura.

By classical times, Latin satira had moved on from being a general literary miscellany to its now familiar role as a ‘literary work ridiculing or denouncing people’s follies or vices’. The word has no etymological connection, incidentally, with satyr ‘Greek woodland god’ [14], which comes ultimately from Greek sáturos, a word of unknown origin.
satire (n.): late 14c., "work intended to ridicule vice or folly," from Middle French satire (14c.) and directly from Latin satira "satire, poetic medley," earlier satura, in lanx satura "mixed dish, dish filled with various kinds of fruit," literally "full dish," from fem. of satur "sated" (see saturate).

First used in the literary sense in Latin in reference to a collection of poems in various meters on a variety of subjects by the late republican Roman poet Ennius. The matter of the little that survives of his verse does not seem to be particularly satiric, but in classical Latin the word came to mean especially a poem which assailed the prevailing vices, one after another. Altered in Latin by influence of Greek satyr, on mistaken notion that the literary form is related to the Greek satyr drama (see satyr).
Satire, n. An obsolete kind of literary composition in which the vices and follies of the author's enemies were expounded with imperfect tenderness. In this country satire never had more than a sickly and uncertain existence, for the soul of it is wit, wherein we are dolefully deficient, the humor that we mistake for it, like all humor, being tolerant and sympathetic. Moreover, although Americans are 'endowed by their Creator' with abundant vice and folly, it is not generally known that these are reprehensible qualities, wherefore the satirist is popularly regarded as a sour-spirited knave, and his every victim's outcry for codefendants evokes a national assent. [Ambrose Bierce, "Devil's Dictionary," 1911]

Proper satire is distinguished, by the generality of the reflections, from a lampoon which is aimed against a particular person, but they are too frequently confounded. [Johnson]

[I]n whatever department of human expression, wherever there is objective truth there is satire [Wyndham Lewis, "Rude Assignment," 1950]
For nuances of usage, see humor (n.).
satire (v.): 1905, from satire (n.). Related: Satired; satiring.